Vol. 6, Issue 1, Part A (2024)

The rise in human life expectancy has resulted in an escalating population of individuals afflicted with chronic illnesses and end-stage organ dysfunction. Transplantation is a very efficient method for treating end-stage organ failure. However, the disparity between the availability of organs and the need for human organs poses a significant obstacle to the successful implementation of transplantation in clinical settings. Hence, xenotransplantation holds potential as a viable alternative method to address the disparity between the availability and need for organs, tissues, and cells. Nevertheless, the clinical application of xenotransplantation is hindered by immunological obstacles. The viability of clinical xenotransplantation has been enhanced due to advancements in gene-editing technologies, immunosuppressive medication, and the extended survival period of xenografts in pig-to-non-human primate models. This review centres its attention on the progression and present state of xenotransplantation analysis.